{"meta":{"id":"https:\/\/api.iclient.ifeng.com\/ipadtestdoc?aid=ucms_7wFa0UtTT7l","type":"doc","o":"1","documentId":"ucms_7wFa0UtTT7l"},"body":{"newStatus":"1","documentId":"ucms_7wFa0UtTT7l","staticId":"ucms_7wFa0UtTT7l","title":"徐悲鸿为何一生不穿绸缎?","shareTitle":"徐悲鸿为何一生不穿绸缎?","thumbnail":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w150_h106_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_19\/FA1D1C57679245FF70FD4D650793F25C1885F420_w640_h359.jpg","source":"中国美术","author":"","editorcode":"weMedia","editTime":"2020-05-06 12:00:00","updateTime":"2020\/05\/06 12:00:00","wapurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7wFa0UtTT7l","introduction":"","wwwurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7wFa0UtTT7l","commentsUrl":"ucms_7wFa0UtTT7l","commentCount":0,"text":"
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徐悲鸿在画室中作画<\/p>
徐悲鸿(1895年—1953年),原名徐寿康,出生于江苏省宜兴县,著名艺术家、美术教育家。曾留学法国学西画,归国后长期从事美术教育。他学贯中西,将西方精湛的写实技巧融汇到绘画之中,为中国艺术的革新与发展作出了突出的贡献。先后在国立中央大学艺术系、北平大学艺术学院和北平艺专等院校任教,1949年后任中央美术学院院长。<\/p>
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徐悲鸿在画室中作画<\/p>
徐悲鸿从小跟随其父徐达章学习绘画,同时学习诗文、书法、篆刻等,打下了深厚的传统文化基础。他擅长人物、走兽、花鸟,尤其擅长画马。他一直提倡国画革新,强调写实主义,将西画技法服务于中国画,尤其是对光线、造型以及解剖结构等的独特理念与教学,对中国画影响巨大。其代表作品有《愚公移山》《八骏图》《田横五百士》《泰戈尔像》等。<\/p>
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与任伯年的画,一张换一张<\/p>
徐悲鸿一生崇拜任伯年,自说是任伯年“后身”,因任伯年死的那天,正是徐悲鸿出生之日。想不到,任伯年五十六岁去世,徐悲鸿也只活了五十八岁。<\/p>
徐悲鸿收藏了很多任伯年作品,由于徐悲鸿不愿卖画,生活拮据,见到任伯年的画,只能拿自己的画和别人交换。最初,徐画三四张才换任画一张,后来逐渐减少,到四十年代,一张徐画就能换任画一张。<\/p>
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1950年代的徐悲鸿<\/p>
徐悲鸿还为任伯年编写了年谱。他在其中评价道:“任伯年绘画最精彩处,在对嘴和脚的描绘,挺拔而有力。”<\/p>
徐悲鸿认为,古今真能作写意画者,必推任伯年为极致。在《任伯年评传》中,徐悲鸿指出:“学画必须从人物入手,且必须能画人像,方见工力。及火候纯青,则能挥写自如,游行自在。……故举古今真能作写意画者,必推伯年为极致”“伯年于画人像、人物、山水、花鸟,工写、粗写,莫不高妙,造诣可与并论。盖能博精,更借卓绝之天秉,复遇渭长兄弟,得画法正轨,得发展达此高超境界”。<\/p>
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请砍枯枝朽木<\/p>
1929年9月,徐悲鸿由蔡元培引荐,就任北平大学艺术学院院长。徐悲鸿上任后聘齐白石为教授。<\/p>
当时的北平画坛,死气沉沉,以摹仿古人为能事,保守势力相当顽固。木匠出身的齐白石大胆创新,变革画法,可惜,却得不到多少响应,北平画坛对他一片冷嘲热讽。<\/p>
当徐悲鸿乘坐四轮马车来到齐家时,齐白石为其诚心所感动:“我一个星塘老屋拿斧子的木匠,怎敢到高等学府当教授呢?”<\/p>
“您岂止能教授我徐悲鸿的学生,也能教我徐悲鸿本人啊!”徐悲鸿说,“齐先生,我徐某正要借您这把斧子,来砍砍北平画坛上的枯枝朽木!”<\/p>
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1946年,徐悲鸿、齐白石与北平美术界同仁合影,其中大部分为北平国立艺专教师<\/p>
齐白石第一次没有答应,徐悲鸿又第二次登门请他,直到第三次去,白石老人才答应了这个请求。从此,年龄相差31岁的两人就结成了忘年交。后来在保守势力的攻击下,徐悲鸿辞职回到南方,两人依依惜别。徐悲鸿写信给齐白石说,你要是画了好画就一定给我留着,我寄钱来买你的画。后来,徐悲鸿收藏了白石先生的上百幅精品。<\/p>
齐白石专长画虫草花,尤工虾蟹。画虾蟹,细致入微,活灵活现。水墨任意挥洒,却是笔笔淋漓尽致。而徐悲鸿擅长素描、油画和中国画,主张中西结合,但两人曾合作过同一幅画,并引为知音。齐白石曾欣然赋诗“我法何辞万口骂,江南倾胆独徐君”,以此感佩徐悲鸿的知己之慨。<\/p>
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徐悲鸿不穿绸缎衣<\/p>
徐悲鸿从小家贫,十七岁就挑起了全家的生活重担。为替父亲医病,家里变卖了一切能卖掉的东西。但是有一天,当徐悲鸿要去参加一位乡亲的婚礼时,母亲却小心地打开一个纸包,拿出一件她亲手缝制的绸衫说:“我没出嫁的时候就养蚕,自己却没有穿过绸衣,我们家里也从来没有人穿过绸衣。可我早就有一个心愿,要让我第一个儿子穿上绸衫。”母亲轻声地说着,苍白的脸泛起一丝笑意。徐悲鸿异常惊愕地看着母亲,他从未见母亲眼睛里有过如此激动和幸福的光彩。<\/p>
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1941年摄于重庆沙坪坝,前排右起为廖静文、徐悲鸿、张葳、郁风,后排左一为张安治,后排右一为黄苗子<\/p>
徐悲鸿穿上绸衫,去参加婚礼。酒宴上,忽然有人惊叫了一声:“哎哟,什么东西被烧着了?”徐悲鸿低头一看,自己的绸衫正冒着一缕青烟呢!原来,邻座一位客人不慎把没有熄灭的烟头扔到了徐悲鸿身上。徐悲鸿连忙用手指弹掉烟头,可崭新的绸衫上却留下了一个瓶口大小的窟窿。<\/p>
徐悲鸿难过极了,感到对不起母亲。从此以后,他便发誓不穿丝绸、不吸香烟。他成名之后,许多朋友见他一身布衣,纷纷赠送他做工精巧的绸衫,但徐悲鸿都一一婉言谢绝了。<\/p>
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(本文根据徐悲鸿相关人物轶事编辑整理)<\/p>","img":[{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/E8724469B2C0F9532D44507562E97544D88017C6_size36_w640_h412.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"412"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/AAF0FAA24D8578BE1CC4194C8C7D4C9F958C436E_size30_w640_h978.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"978"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/0E6B04CC1A17F36B95B57E38C0E0CC4D5D0E539C_size64_w640_h498.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"498"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/BF1D9555676873A7FFBA1611DBB5498C1B82925D_size54_w640_h863.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"863"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/6CFFA21A29312A7BD035E96BBEEC83FBB60A4394_size82_w640_h1131.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"1131"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/0815056197369D69EA1A66F390E6CA0B4282A7B0_size56_w640_h432.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"432"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/32E875E512E2885E041EB41E52CD3C2A517925A9_size62_w640_h923.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"923"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/CD1E0E66AD819E5B691FB7D1977A80B0F678D7F6_size44_w640_h414.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"414"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/AF18F5E222F499B77CD856A3DB532A95DF6B1FFC_size70_w640_h977.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"977"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/EEA51BF971B4B430E4E445516195ECFA88DAEE61_size117_w640_h1344.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"1344"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/F6993A96495F7B008396471FF06980E3A88B7806_size29_w640_h667.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"667"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/84CD9F69095D5EB122C2A609CAB095B935480AFE_size79_w640_h927.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"927"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/38D3FF9DC6F3FB37F63A364051238E847C20A3D3_size74_w640_h887.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"887"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/A6084E2565A627761A6CBD8EA1D858E2D7887DC0_size73_w640_h1291.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"1291"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/77BEA1AE84F73FFE090EDCE23DDD75DBB0A67A7D_size98_w640_h1067.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"1067"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/A4B1BE964DB63DA6DEEB832F6AE4EDE324762168_size48_w640_h1149.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"1149"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/4C2FC2534DCC65B75920FE6ABF3358C5F618848A_size49_w640_h1031.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"1031"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/5C3BA184759225FBE565A6B011C98D7AB805E25C_size94_w640_h1741.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"1741"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/66C61214216BD785380000501DAEB554165C747C_size53_w640_h811.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"811"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/FB0C319EE0FD1AF6DB09B55CACE8B1E50F8921DA_size72_w640_h987.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"987"}}],"summary":"徐悲鸿在画室中作画徐悲鸿(1895年—1953年),原名徐寿康,出生于江苏省宜兴县,著名艺术家、美术教育家。曾留学法国学西画,归国后长期从事美术教育。他学贯中西","sharesummary":"徐悲鸿在画室中作画徐悲鸿(1895年—1953年),原名徐寿康,出生于江苏省宜兴县,著名艺术家、美术教育家。曾留学法国学西画,归国后长期从事美术教育。他学贯中西","commentType":"0","wemediaEAccountId":"521175","showclient":"0","shareurl":"https:\/\/ishare.ifeng.com\/c\/s\/v002EZAyeHlRMji3GuIo--c8DUmTl-_ZpGIKJyehMwX8aH5lY__","praise":"1","like_num":"1"}}