{"meta":{"id":"https:\/\/api.iclient.ifeng.com\/ipadtestdoc?aid=ucms_7wRdD3lgNG9","type":"doc","o":"1","documentId":"ucms_7wRdD3lgNG9"},"body":{"newStatus":"1","documentId":"ucms_7wRdD3lgNG9","staticId":"ucms_7wRdD3lgNG9","title":"佛学常识|佛教呗器——木鱼","shareTitle":"佛学常识|佛教呗器——木鱼","thumbnail":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w150_h106_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/EA510F0D0C78E9944D05C4E6C4B1C6CDED0856D2_size28_w640_h480.jpeg","source":"不可说不可说","author":"","editorcode":"weMedia","editTime":"2020-05-14 11:18:59","updateTime":"2020\/05\/14 11:18:59","wapurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7wRdD3lgNG9","introduction":"","wwwurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7wRdD3lgNG9","commentsUrl":"ucms_7wRdD3lgNG9","commentCount":0,"text":"
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“木鱼”是佛教的重要“法器”之一,古时候称它为“木鱼鼓”、“鱼鼓”,或者是“鱼板”。<\/p>
“木鱼”的由来,有一种传说,据说:从前有一位比丘,因为他违背了师父的教诫,下一世便转生为鱼类。那条鱼在背上生了一棵树,于风涛激荡的时候,痛苦难忍,以至于流血。后来他的师父从海上经过,怜悯他所受的痛苦,就为他启建了一场水陆法会。所谓“水陆法会”,就是供养“四圣”、施济“六凡”的“无遮法会”。那位有罪的比丘仰仗那一场“水陆法会”的功德利益,才得以脱离了鱼身。他的师父依照罪僧的遗言,把他身上的那一棵树,刻成了鱼的形状,悬挂在寺院里,用以警示僧众们。<\/p>
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另外,据《百丈清规注》和《佛教仪式须知》这两种典籍说:“相传:鱼类目不阖睛,昼夜常醒;所以佛门中,就用木料雕刻成鱼形的‘木鱼’,在赞诵时敲击它,以便警惕大众不要昏沉懈怠。”<\/p>
又据《释氏要览》说:“五分比丘问佛:用什么木料作犍槌(‘犍槌’亦作‘犍椎’)?”佛回答说:“除了漆树,其他的木料只要能够响的,都可以用它去做。”<\/p>
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“木鱼”的雕制方法,是先把一块木料雕成木鱼的粗略形状(毛坯),然后把内部挖空,再把外形刻出头尾和鳞甲。外表涂上红漆,再用金、黑两色,点睛画鳞。它的体积,比较小的口径只有两、三寸,比较大的口径有一尺甚至于两、三尺。<\/p>
“木鱼”的形状,最初的一种是挺直的长鱼形,这种“木鱼”,通常都称它为“梆子”。这种梆子悬挂在寺院的斋堂,或者是库房的走廊下,在集合大众时敲击它。后来又演变出一种圆形的“木鱼”,这种“木鱼”被放置在寺院的殿堂里,在赞诵时敲叩它,以便节制声调,并提醒心神。<\/p>
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在圆形的“木鱼”中,不仅有首尾相接的单鱼形和双鱼形,后来更出现了一身二头的龙形木鱼。据说这是取乎“鱼化成龙”,以表“转凡成圣”的意义!<\/p>
大形的“木鱼”,放在桌垫上敲击。小形的“木鱼”则拿在手里敲叩。<\/p>
执持的“木鱼”的姿式是:不敲时,双手扶持;鱼椎在“木鱼”之外,两食指与两大指挟住,其余六指托之。<\/p>
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敲击“木鱼”的姿式是:左手拿鱼,右手拿椎。执鱼是以母指、食指、中指拿住。执椎也是以母指、食指、中指拿往。鱼椎头与木鱼头向上相对。两手好像合掌的样子。这叫做“合掌鱼子”。<\/p>
敲击“木鱼”,要用力平稳,不可忽轻忽重,忽缓忽急。如果须要快敲,应该由缓入急,渐渐加速。<\/p>
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来源:灵隐寺<\/p>","img":[{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/EA510F0D0C78E9944D05C4E6C4B1C6CDED0856D2_size28_w640_h480.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"480"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/BD7B12E3A830092E4688E39DC3B91A06ECE1807E_size54_w640_h384.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"384"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/FC066561E182CC4270F339D4DF890E0DA58EB287_size30_w640_h427.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"427"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/AEE8133E2292AD9C83E0D6E153EE5545753631CC_size67_w640_h548.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"548"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/7DFDBF75F3760DB1E25CEA1810BFAA8A6FFDF89F_size58_w500_h418.jpeg","size":{"width":"500","height":"418"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/F71F38FEFD78603E864C5F78F678A6804CC8B2A3_size32_w640_h397.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"397"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/C11A4C5F9260DCB3B5DC5DBE8D915AC8D5048312_size51_w640_h402.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"402"}}],"summary":"“木鱼”是佛教的重要“法器”之一,古时候称它为“木鱼鼓”、“鱼鼓”,或者是“鱼板”。“木鱼”的由来,有一种传说,据说:从前有一位比丘,因为他违背了师父的教诫,下","sharesummary":"“木鱼”是佛教的重要“法器”之一,古时候称它为“木鱼鼓”、“鱼鼓”,或者是“鱼板”。“木鱼”的由来,有一种传说,据说:从前有一位比丘,因为他违背了师父的教诫,下","commentType":"0","wemediaEAccountId":"966711","showclient":"0","shareurl":"https:\/\/ishare.ifeng.com\/c\/s\/v002YaiSnPCem8LkeV2CAp6ZvbKZ9gzE07Z6I28S-_Az49zI__","praise":"2","like_num":"2"}}