{"meta":{"id":"https:\/\/api.iclient.ifeng.com\/ipadtestdoc?aid=ucms_7yQnpTYjDDk","type":"doc","o":"1","documentId":"ucms_7yQnpTYjDDk"},"body":{"newStatus":"1","documentId":"ucms_7yQnpTYjDDk","staticId":"ucms_7yQnpTYjDDk","title":"“微循环”与慢性病之二——高血压","shareTitle":"“微循环”与慢性病之二——高血压","thumbnail":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w150_h106_q100\/img1.ugc.ifeng.com\/newugc\/20200727\/9\/wemedia\/90ce055d491a58f808d28bb7770c79c70d13b2f5_size44_w398_h265.jpeg","source":"曦海棠","author":"","editorcode":"weMedia","editTime":"2020-07-27 19:00:00","updateTime":"2020\/07\/27 19:00:00","wapurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7yQnpTYjDDk","introduction":"","wwwurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7yQnpTYjDDk","commentsUrl":"ucms_7yQnpTYjDDk","commentCount":0,"text":"
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正常人的血压随内外环境变化而在一定范围内波动。血压水平随年龄逐渐升高,以收缩压最为明显,但50岁后,舒张压呈现下降趋势,脉压也随之加大。近年来,人们对心血管病多重危险因素作用以及心、脑、肾靶器官保护的认识不断深人,高血压的诊断标准也在不断调整。<\/p>
<\/p>
高血压的病因主要有<\/p>
(1)环境因素影响<\/p>
(2)习惯因素遗传<\/p>
大约半数高血压患者有家族史;<\/p>
(3)年龄关系<\/p>
高血压的发病率有着随年龄增长而增高的趋势,40 岁以上者发病率尤高;<\/p>
(4)其他因素<\/p>
如:肥胖者发病率高、服用避孕药者、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征者。<\/p>
<\/p>
临床上的高血压可分为两类<\/p>
(1)原发性高血压<\/p>
是一种以血压升高为主要临床表现而病因尚未明确的独立疾病。<\/p>
(2)继发性高血压<\/p>
又称为症状性高血压,在这类疾病中病因明确,高血压仅是该种疾病的临床表现之一, 血压可暂时性或持久性升高。高血压的症状因人而异,早期可能无症状或症状不明显,仅仅会在劳累、精神紧张、情绪波动后发生血压升高,并在休息后恢复正常。<\/p>
<\/p>
随着病程延长,血压明显持续升高,并逐渐出现各种症状,此时被称为缓进型高血压病。缓进型高血压病常见的临床症状有头痛、头晕、注意力不集中、记忆力减退、肢体麻木、夜尿增多、心悸、胸闷、乏力等。当血压突然升高到一定程度时,甚至会出现剧烈头痛、呕吐、心悸、眩晕等症状,严重时会发生神志不清、抽搐,这就属于急进型高血压和高血压危重症,多会在短期内发生严重的心、脑、肾等器官的损害和病变,如中风、心梗、肾衰等。<\/p>
通过疏通微循环来改善高血压,其目的是在于降低血液粘稠度,改善血液循环状况。<\/p>
参考文献<\/p>
[1] 张冰,(美)贝林,王纬,等,百病之源:微循环障碍[M],北京:东方出版社,2016<\/p>","img":[{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/BD476744FC47B1733B584F6F9B3140F09431D901_size24_w630_h332.jpeg","size":{"width":"630","height":"332"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/73F64D3C71626B4B487D37594EFAFED3E456DB4C_size33_w500_h331.jpeg","size":{"width":"500","height":"331"}},{"url":"https:\/\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/C1212D8D85ABB6C336BF2CA7489CB8D03359CDE6_size80_w480_h290.gif","size":{"width":"480","height":"290"},"resizedImg":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100_ext\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/C1212D8D85ABB6C336BF2CA7489CB8D03359CDE6_size80_w480_h290.gif"},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/E08143501957552F8BD3DF7659DB907CCD531D6F_size26_w600_h570.jpeg","size":{"width":"600","height":"570"}}],"summary":"正常人的血压随内外环境变化而在一定范围内波动。血压水平随年龄逐渐升高,以收缩压最为明显,但50岁后,舒张压呈现下降趋势,脉压也随之加大。近年来,人们对心血管病多","sharesummary":"正常人的血压随内外环境变化而在一定范围内波动。血压水平随年龄逐渐升高,以收缩压最为明显,但50岁后,舒张压呈现下降趋势,脉压也随之加大。近年来,人们对心血管病多","commentType":"0","wemediaEAccountId":"1530612","showclient":"0","shareurl":"https:\/\/ishare.ifeng.com\/c\/s\/v002ZPGKd7juQWXzIDecdxWXYo9hk--yt51G2xNGYtUQYZQs__","praise":"3","like_num":"3"}}