{"meta":{"id":"https:\/\/api.iclient.ifeng.com\/ipadtestdoc?aid=ucms_7zcMGwHOlpO","type":"doc","o":"1","documentId":"ucms_7zcMGwHOlpO"},"body":{"newStatus":"1","documentId":"ucms_7zcMGwHOlpO","staticId":"ucms_7zcMGwHOlpO","title":"李世民为何如此赞许虞世南?","shareTitle":"李世民为何如此赞许虞世南?","thumbnail":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w150_h106_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/CE900B0E45BFED2057E8F17FEACEFDFAE366137C_w698_h392.png","source":"","author":"","editorcode":"张佳代 PX181","editTime":"2020-09-09 07:00:00","updateTime":"2020\/09\/09 07:00:00","wapurl":"http:\/\/\/\/i.ifeng.com\/c\/7zcMGwHOlpO","introduction":"","wwwurl":"http:\/\/\/\/i.ifeng.com\/c\/7zcMGwHOlpO","commentsUrl":"ucms_7zcMGwHOlpO","commentCount":0,"text":"
绝,即登峰造极之意。<\/p>
唐太宗曾说过,一个人只要有其中一绝,就足可称为名臣,而唐太宗对虞世南的评价则是“德行、忠直、博学、文词、书翰”五绝,皇帝对自己的臣子给予如此高度的评价,在中国的历史上,是不多见的。<\/p>
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虞世南(558—638年),唐初书法家、文学家。字伯施,世居慈溪北乡鸣鹤场。虞氏在慈溪为世家,祖、父、叔、兄俱有重名。叔父虞寄,为陈朝中书郎,因无子,以世南继后,故字曰“伯施”。<\/p>
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年轻时候的虞世南,身体文弱,但博闻强记,他小时,随大书法家王羲之的第七世孙智永法师学习书法。 智永和尚不仅是王羲之的七世孙,也是王羲之和王献之父子二人书法的传人,在当时的书法界享有很高的地位。虞世南跟这样的名师学习,已是得天独厚,而他为了学成书法,其刻苦用功,也非常人所及:为了专心学习,数年之间竟不下楼一步,仅写废了的毛笔,就装了一大瓮。晚上上床睡了,学习仍不停止,一有心得,就用手指在被子上划,结果被子也被他划烂了好几床。经过这样刻苦的学习,他的书艺终至大成。<\/p>
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后来,他和哥哥虞世基一道又跟随顾野王学习了十多年。顾野王(519—581),字希冯,吴郡人。此人博学多才,既是个大画家,又是个训诂学家,还是个大史学家,进入南朝陈朝后,任国史博士,主修梁史。虞世南跟随顾野王学习时,刻苦勤奋的精神比之学书丝毫不减。为了抓紧学习时间,他连洗脸梳头都顾不上,常常是十天半月的不洗脸不梳头。俗话说,有多少付出,就有多少收入。虞世南经过这样的刻苦学习,自然是收获颇丰。<\/p>
由此可见, 唐太宗说他的五绝之中,至少“博学、文词、书翰”这三绝,是他靠着勤学苦练而达到的。尤其是“书翰”一绝,虞世南不仅在唐初公认的四大书法家(虞世南、欧阳询、褚遂良和薛稷)中占了一席之地,而且至少排名前两名 。他和欧阳询谁为当代泰斗,后世史家和书家至今尚无定论。争论的焦点,就因他的书法,最得王羲之、王献之父子二人的真传。<\/p>
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虞世南一生经历了南朝的陈、隋和初唐三个时代,一生仕途并不平坦。在南陈时,他当过参军。参军者,参谋军事也,属幕僚性职务。入隋后,七品小官10 年不变;隋灭,他被窦建德所获,在窦建德手下当了一阵子黄门侍郎。他最终能一展平生抱负,则是到了唐太宗李世民手下之后的事。所以,有时候天才还需要遇到伯乐!<\/p>
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虞世南到了李世民手下,可谓如鱼得水。一个是腹可行舟的有道明君,一个是学富五车的正直之臣。虞世南弱不胜衣,但为人却十分刚强正直。这一点得到唐太宗的赞许。<\/p>
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虞世南是历史上少有的高寿名臣,直活到81岁高龄才谢世。他死时,李世民非常悲痛,对自己的儿子说道: “世南于我犹为一体,拾遗补缺,无日忘之,盖当代名臣,人伦准的。” 李世民对虞世南的这一评价,出自内心。虞世南过世几年之后,一夜,李世民梦见虞世南对自己直言相谏,就如生前一般。次日,李世民为此下命令道:我梦见了虞世南,想到他的种种好处,十分悲叹。应当做些功德,以表明我思念他的心情。可在他家设一场五百僧人的道场,再给他造一尊像。宋朝的大学者洪迈在其《容斋随笔》中记下此事。<\/p>","img":[{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/B8C05A5B551895B0377C31DC18373A9E65587034_w400_h560.png","size":{"width":"400","height":"560"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/5B73A47D4F63F7BADFB1A4F6C37CE81A568180EF_w400_h488.png","size":{"width":"400","height":"488"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/8F87681FB17438DA649B37B0787341CF22E0218B_w400_h542.png","size":{"width":"400","height":"542"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/7E8606BA9C601859407B0CC30427B339E0974D83_w400_h427.png","size":{"width":"400","height":"427"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/465BD7814C3E9CBACBFB5826D83FC845A340FCE0_w400_h430.png","size":{"width":"400","height":"430"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/B189973880AFD2F1A67689B5D3ADA90CCBDA9946_w400_h428.png","size":{"width":"400","height":"428"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_44\/7AACAAB668B240834176447023DAC5CB8A6A3971_w400_h432.png","size":{"width":"400","height":"432"}}],"summary":"绝,即登峰造极之意。唐太宗曾说过,一个人只要有其中一绝,就足可称为名臣,而唐太宗对虞世南的评价则是“德行、忠直、博学、文词、书翰”五绝,皇帝对自己的臣子给予如此","sharesummary":"绝,即登峰造极之意。唐太宗曾说过,一个人只要有其中一绝,就足可称为名臣,而唐太宗对虞世南的评价则是“德行、忠直、博学、文词、书翰”五绝,皇帝对自己的臣子给予如此","commentType":"0","wemediaEAccountId":"4607","showclient":"0","shareurl":"https:\/\/ishare.ifeng.com\/c\/s\/v0024mhuK4qSgkicvxyNi8d0f8kXDmlPsXwIHqlwMmc6izI__","praise":"3","like_num":"3"}}