{"meta":{"id":"https:\/\/api.iclient.ifeng.com\/ipadtestdoc?aid=ucms_7ziP99ZopsZ","type":"doc","o":"1","documentId":"ucms_7ziP99ZopsZ"},"body":{"newStatus":"1","documentId":"ucms_7ziP99ZopsZ","staticId":"ucms_7ziP99ZopsZ","title":"叶尔羌汗国的皇宫和汗陵","shareTitle":"叶尔羌汗国的皇宫和汗陵","thumbnail":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/w150_h106_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/ucms\/2020_38\/EE886A8D54F90A711E695003AEAC3BD41715FC64_w421_h236.jpg","source":"","author":"","editorcode":"weMedia","editTime":"2020-09-13 00:12:00","updateTime":"2020\/09\/13 00:12:00","wapurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7ziP99ZopsZ","introduction":"","wwwurl":"http:\/\/\/\/feng.ifeng.com\/c\/7ziP99ZopsZ","commentsUrl":"ucms_7ziP99ZopsZ","commentCount":0,"text":"
8月29日,满族文化网发文章《》,蒙古帝国四大汗国之一的察合台汗国后裔赛义德创建的叶尔羌汗国。今天再介绍一下这个叶尔羌汗国的皇宫和汗陵。<\/p>
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叶尔羌汗国的首都定在原来西域三十六国之一的莎车国,因当时这里叫叶尔羌,故以首都地名而得名,现在这里还叫莎车。现在的莎车县隶属于喀什地区。<\/p>
在今天的莎车,有一座纪念这一汗国文化的叶尔羌汗国历史文化广场。<\/p>
广场四周就是叶尔羌汗留下的历史遗迹,有叶尔羌大皇宫、叶尔羌汗国第三位大汗王妃阿曼尼沙汗的陵墓、阿勒屯清真寺。<\/p>
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关于这个叶尔羌汗国的大皇宫,并非历史遗迹,而是为发展旅游后建的。当初叶尔羌汗国是被被大清帝国的老对手准噶尔汗国所灭。皇宫早已经被毁坏,没有踪迹。<\/p>
为了发展地方旅游和经济,车县通过引进援疆资金、自筹资金和招商引资等方式,投资3亿余元建设了占地近2.5万平方米的叶尔羌汗皇宫 。<\/p>
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虽是后建,也是依据现存的历史资料而建,叶尔羌大汗随是察合台汗国后裔,但早已经突厥化,加上与维吾尔族通婚,信奉伊斯兰教,所以建的皇宫,也完全具有维吾尔文化和伊斯兰文化的特征。<\/p>
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叶尔羌汗国的皇家陵墓则是历史古迹。严格说,说陵墓或汗陵,都是汉字的叫法。维吾尔人和其他西亚信奉伊斯兰教民族一样,把历史文化名人的墓都叫麻扎,而且大多保存完好,是维吾尔历史文化的象征,也寄托民族感情的地方。<\/p>
但在叶尔羌历史文化广场边上的阿曼尼沙汗的陵墓,则是后建的。阿曼尼沙汗,是维吾尔历史上非常有名的人物。她是叶尔羌汗国第三位大汗阿布都热西提的王妃。她天资聪颖、能歌善舞、能诗能文,是位才华出众的奇女子,是十五世纪杰出的维吾尔族女诗人。阿曼尼莎罕精于维吾尔传统音乐艺术。她与当时的木卡姆大师喀迪尔汗一起,邀请各地熟悉木卡姆的民间艺人,对散失在民间的木卡姆进行了系统的搜集整理工作,使得十二木卡姆得以保存和传承。<\/p>
可以说阿曼尼沙汗是维吾尔传统历史音乐的一位标志性的人物,为此,在建叶尔羌历史文化广场的时候,于1992年修建了的她的陵墓,也是对她历史功绩加以纪念的地方。<\/p>
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上边说的后建的叶尔羌汗国皇宫,当地人叫新皇宫, 叶尔羌汗国王陵就在新皇宫的正对面。刚说了,按维吾尔人叫法,不叫陵墓,而叫麻扎,这里叫阿勒屯麻扎,“阿勒屯”意思为“黄金”。最早是在1533年为悼念赛义德王朝第一个汗王苏里唐赛义德而修建的。首葬的是第一个大汗苏里坦赛义德,其后又经百年绵延续建,始成今天规模,整个陵区内葬有11代叶尔羌汗国国王及王室和其他人员。<\/p>
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叶尔羌汗国全面推广察合台文和伊斯兰化,是维吾尔历史上非常重要的时期。叶尔羌的皇宫和汗陵,自然是纪念这一历史文化最好的地方。<\/p>
满族文化网。<\/p>","img":[{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/CFA8111A50690EB8E9925991AD8FF6E98500A83D_size36_w640_h280.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"280"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/5574D55E649E47C5B8B1EC2576BB684FA33720A3_size41_w421_h261.jpeg","size":{"width":"421","height":"261"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/B4D19C38BFD8A61602CB0E3FA1CBEC91FC60162D_size91_w750_h552.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"471"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/2DA4A34D8D7CCB74E3785E9D317F497DB850599D_size95_w750_h590.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"503"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/F86BBFB3E9507BB07ADD9107F4B9ACB6E7502262_size48_w491_h369.jpeg","size":{"width":"491","height":"369"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/377D111B57C629A0B9C32746CE71281657603DFD_size232_w1080_h810.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"480"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/FBE0D2AB468D887C6E48F048E6EE08174354FC66_size146_w896_h595.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"425"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/394BD0ACC27AD053E7EFE087A774040549890668_size208_w750_h1000.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"853"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/82274E473C576906B20E239AC4B2EFA03BDEC097_size121_w1080_h810.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"480"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/FBE0D2AB468D887C6E48F048E6EE08174354FC66_size146_w896_h595.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"425"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/35D2C735C41B9123EC72844C36D645DC98DE71AE_size167_w1080_h810.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"480"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/A1B8E4DF1DF18306DFF13BEEAB4891296AEC10E7_size301_w1080_h1440.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"853"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/6D15E0719E931C417A8C10D6910790C92F495A7C_size204_w1080_h810.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"480"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/2BA8C54931B33F3D1B1FB63785AE8F79530E91D4_size281_w1080_h1440.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"853"}},{"url":"http:\/\/d.ifengimg.com\/mw640_q100\/x0.ifengimg.com\/res\/2020\/CF9CCA8E1AFAA0D5CB7EF90EDD46DF7B6A06DD89_size251_w1080_h1440.jpeg","size":{"width":"640","height":"853"}}],"summary":"8月29日,满族文化网发文章《》,蒙古帝国四大汗国之一的察合台汗国后裔赛义德创建的叶尔羌汗国。今天再介绍一下这个叶尔羌汗国的皇宫和汗陵。叶尔羌汗国的首都定在原来","sharesummary":"8月29日,满族文化网发文章《》,蒙古帝国四大汗国之一的察合台汗国后裔赛义德创建的叶尔羌汗国。今天再介绍一下这个叶尔羌汗国的皇宫和汗陵。叶尔羌汗国的首都定在原来","commentType":"0","wemediaEAccountId":"1447147","showclient":"0","shareurl":"https:\/\/ishare.ifeng.com\/c\/s\/v002SPcJTsFnDoU5AxVVZUeL6bMttNo-_AMoN0ii4pjpOHfc__","praise":"0","like_num":"0"}}